1.ARIAN PERSECUTION UNDER CONSTANTINE
康士坦丁大帝统治下的亚流派逼迫
And not long after they put in execution the designs for the sake of which they had had recourse to these artifices; for they no sooner had formed their plans, but they immediately admitted Arius and his fellows to communion. They set aside the repeated condemnations which had been passed upon them, and again pretended the imperial authority in their behalf. And they were not ashamed to say in their letters, ‘since Athanasius suffered, all jealousy has ceased, and let us henceforward receive Arius and his fellows;’ adding, in order to frighten their hearers, ‘because the Emperor has commanded it.’ Moreover, they were not ashamed to add, ‘for these men profess orthodox opinions;’ not fearing that which is written, ‘Woe unto them that call bitter sweet, that put darkness for light Isaiah 5:20;’ for they are ready to undertake anything in support of their heresy. Now is it not hereby plainly proved to all men, that we both suffered heretofore, and that you now persecute us, not under the authority of an Ecclesiastical sentence , but on the ground of the Emperor’s threats, and on account of our piety towards Christ? As also they conspired in like manner against other Bishops, fabricating charges against them also; some of whom fell asleep in the place of their exile, having attained the glory of Christian confession; and others are still banished from their country, and contend still more and more manfully against their heresy, saying,’Nothing shall separate us from the love of Christ Romans 8:35?’
他们在不久之前才开始使用大量的资源，执行了他们的阴谋诡计；因为他们迅速的拟定了他们的计划，并立刻接受亚流和他的同党，回到他们的交通中。他们视若无睹对亚流的定罪，并用行动假冒他们获得了皇室的授权。他们还在他们的信件中寡廉鲜耻的宣称，‘因为亚他拿修正在忍受苦刑，因此，让我们接受亚流和他的跟随者；’为了威吓他们的读者，他们还加上，‘因为皇帝已经定罪了他。’更有甚者，他们还无耻的加上，‘因为这些人（亚流派──译者）已经承认了正统的看法；’不要害怕他们所写的威吓，‘祸哉！那些称恶为善，称善为恶，以暗为光，以光为暗的人’（以赛亚5:20）；因为他们已经不择手段的支持他们的异端。如今，我们已经根本不必向百姓们证明，我们的受苦乃是源自于你们的逼迫，并不是根据大公教会之判决的权柄，而是根据皇帝的威胁与我们向着基督的敬虔？他们还密谋用同样的手段对付其他的主教，炮制各样的罪名；他们有些人在放逐的地方睡了（指过世──译者），得到了基督认信的荣耀；有些人被从他们的驻地被驱逐，但仍放胆无畏的抗及他们的异端，高呼，‘谁能使我们与基督的爱隔绝呢？’（罗马8:35）
2. ARIANS SACRIFICE MORALITY AND INTEGRITY TO PARTY
亚流派为了结党而牺牲道德和正直
And hence also you may discern its character, and be able to condemn it more confidently. The man who is their friend and their associate in impiety, although he is open to ten thousand charges for other enormities which he has committed; although the evidence and proof against him are most clear; he is approved of by them, and straightway becomes the friend of the Emperor, obtaining an introduction by his impiety; and making very many pretences, he acquires confidence before the magistrates to do whatever he desires. But he who exposes their impiety, and honestly advocates the cause of Christ, though he is pure in all things, though he is conscious of no delinquencies, though he meets with no accuser; yet on the false pretences which they have framed against him, is immediately seized and sent into banishment under a sentence of the Emperor, as if he were guilty of the crimes which they wish to charge upon him, or as if, like Naboth, he had insulted the King; while he who advocates the cause of their heresy is sought for and immediately sent to take possession of the other’s Church; and henceforth confiscations and insults, and all kinds of cruelty are exercised against those who do not receive him. And what is the strangest of all, the man whom the people desire, and know to be blameless 1 Timothy 3:2, the Emperor takes away and banishes; but him whom they neither desire, nor know, he sends to them from a distant place with soldiers and letters from himself. And henceforward a strong necessity is laid upon them, either to hate him whom they love; who has been their teacher, and their father in godliness; and to love him whom they do not desire, and to trust their children to one of whose life and conversation and character they are ignorant; or else certainly to suffer punishment, if they disobey the Emperor.
所以你们要分辨异端的特质，并要带着把握定罪它。凡是他们不敬虔的朋友和同党，就会因着他们的滔天大罪造获数不清的定罪；虽然他的罪证是无可辩驳的，他仍然为他们所认可，而成为皇帝的朋友，被引入皇帝的不敬虔中。他无所不用其极的获得地方治安官的信任。凡揭发他们不敬虔，并诚实的拥护基督的人，即便他在各方面都是纯净的，也不知道不法，也无法被控诉的；然而在他们为他所设定的诈骗下，立刻就会被逮捕，并在皇帝的宣判下被放逐，就好像他甘心乐意干犯他们想要加注于他身上的罪名一样，或，如同那个侮辱了亚哈王的拿伯一样；同时，那些拥护他们异端就会立刻被差派去接收其他教会的财产；凡是不接纳他的，家产会被充公，被侮辱，并会遭受各种酷刑。最令人惊叹的是，凡是人民爱戴的，无可指谪的人（提前3:2），皇帝反而会撤他的职位，并放逐他。但是那些人民憎恶的，或籍籍无名的，皇帝反而给他一封信，让他带着士兵前往遥远的地方。这逼得他们恨他们所爱的老师和良善的父；爱那些他们憎恶的，并把他们的儿女交托给那些信仰和人格不明的人；若他们不顺从皇帝，他们肯定会遭受惩罚。
3. RECKLESSNESS OF THEIR PROCEEDINGS
他们行事不择手段
In this manner the impious are now proceeding, as heretofore, against the orthodox of their malice and impiety among all men everywhere. For granting that they have accused Athanasius; yet what have the other Bishops done? On what grounds can they charge them? Has there been found in their case too the dead body of an Arsenius? Is there a Presbyter Macarius, or has a cup been broken among them? Is there a Meletian to play the hypocrite? No: but as their proceedings against the other Bishops show the charges which they have brought against Athanasius, in all probability, to be false; so their attacks upon Athanasius make it plain, that their accusations of the other Bishops are unfounded likewise. This heresy has come forth upon the earth like some great monster, which not only injures the innocent with its words, as with teeth ; but it has also hired external power to assist it in its designs. And strange it is that, as I said before, no accusation is brought against any of them; or if any be accused, he is not brought to trial; or if a show of enquiry be made, he is acquitted against evidence, while the convicting party is plotted against, rather than the culprit put to shame. Thus the whole party of them is full of idleness; and their spies, for Bishops they are not, are the vilest of them all. And if any one among them desire to become a Bishop, he is not told, ‘a Bishop must be blameless 1 Timothy 3:2;’ but only, ‘Take up opinions contrary to Christ, and care not for manners. This will be sufficient to obtain favour for you, and friendship with the Emperor.’ Such is the character of those who support the tenets of Arius. And they who are zealous for the truth, however holy and pure they show themselves, are yet, as I said before, made culprits, whenever these men choose, and on whatever pretences it may seem good to them to invent. The truth of this, as I before remarked, you may clearly gather from their proceedings.
这就是那些不敬虔之人对抗正统的手腕，也在各处向民众证明他们的恶意与不敬虔。他们控告亚他那修是突然的；然而，其他的主教们采取了什么行动？他们要站在什么立场上来攻击其他的主教们？难道他们能够使用Arsenius的尸体来证明他们的攻击？长老Marcarius是不是他们中间的破杯子？难道Meletian派部是伪君子？不：他们对于其他主教们的攻击反而证明了他们对于亚他那修的攻击，从各方面而言，都是虚假的；所以，他们对于亚他那修的攻击是赤裸裸的，他们对于其他主角的抨击也是莫须有的。这个异端就像某种的的怪兽，突然降临这地，不单单用它的谎言当作利齿，伤害无辜的人。它也雇用外部的力量来帮助它。更奇怪的事情是，如同我已经说过的，竟然没有任何人谴责他们。即便他们中的任何一个被谴责了，也不会被带上法庭。若有任何的调查，他也会在罪证之前被宣判无罪，同时，他们会密谋对付那些要定罪他们的认，把他们当作罪犯，羞辱他们。故此，他们这党人是无益处的；他们的间谍，都不是主教，是他们中最为粗鄙的人。他们中间凡像要做主教的，不会被告知，‘主教必须是无可指责的’（提前3:2）；凡而被告知，‘你要带着敌对基督的观点，不择手段。这样你就能够获得足够的好感，和皇帝的友情。’这就是那些支持亚流教义之人的德性。他们把自己打扮成为热心追求真理的，圣洁和纯良的人，然而，如同我前面所说过的，他们乃是罪犯，他们会随时虽刻冒充好人。如同我已经表明过的，你可以从他们的进展收集事实的真相。
4.ARIANS PERSECUTE EUSTATHIUS AND OTHERS
亚流派逼迫ESTATHIUS和其他的人
There was one Eustathius , Bishop of Antioch, a Confessor, and sound in the Faith. This man, because he was very zealous for the truth, and hated the Arian heresy, and would not receive those who adopted its tenets, is falsely accused before the Emperor Constantine, and a charge invented against him, that he had insulted his mother. And immediately he is driven into banishment, and a great number of Presbyters and Deacons with him. And immediately after the banishment of the Bishop, those whom he would not admit into the clerical order on account of their impiety were not only received into the Church by them, but were even appointed the greater part of them to be Bishops, in order that they might have accomplices in their impiety. Among these was Leontius the eunuch , now of Antioch, and his predecessor Stephanus, George of Laodicea, and Theodosius who was of Tripolis, Eudoxius of Germanicia, and Eustathius , now of Sebastia.
有一个人名叫Eustathius，安提阿的主教，一位认信者，信仰坚定的人。因者他非常切慕真理，恨恶亚流异端，不愿意接纳那些皈依亚流教义的人，在康士坦丁大帝面前被指控，并被诬告，说他侮辱了他的母亲。他与多位长老和执事立刻就被驱逐。在他被赶下主角的职位后，那些他原来不愿意纳入教职的不敬虔人士，不单单立刻被接纳入教会中，至中他们的大部分人还成为主教，好叫他们能够继续共谋他们的不敬虔。这些人中间由太监Leontius，现在在安提阿，他的继承人，老底嘉的乔治，和Tripolis的Theodosius，Germanicia的Eudoxius，和现住在Sebastia的Eustathius。
5. Did they then stop here? No. For Eutropius , who was Bishop of Adrianople, a good man, and excellent in all respects, because he had often convicted Eusebius, and had advised them who came that way, not to comply with his impious dictates, suffered the same treatment as Eustathius, and was cast out of his city and his Church. Basilina was the most active in the proceedings against him. And Euphration of Balanea, Kymatius of Paltus, Carterius of Antaradus , Asclepas of Gaza, Cyrus of Berœa in Syria, Diodorus of Asia, Domnion of Sirmium, and Ellanicus of Tripolis, were merely known to hate the heresy; and some of them on one pretence or another, some without any, they removed under the authority of royal letters, drove them out of their cities, and appointed others whom they knew to be impious men, to occupy the Churches in their stead.
他们是否就此罢休了呢？没有。Adrianople的主教Eutropius，一位好人，各方面都是杰出的，因为他经常证明Eusebius的罪状，并建议那些行走在同一道路上的人，别再顺从他不敬虔的指令，而遭受Eustathius同样的结局，从他的城市和教会中被驱逐出去。Basiliana是对抗他最为积极的人。还有Balanea的Euphration，Paltus的Kymatius，Antaradus的Carterius，加萨的Asclepas，叙利亚Beroea的Cyrus，亚细亚的Diodorus，Sirmium的Domnion，Tripolis的Ellanicus，他们都已憎恶这个异端而著名；还有某些人装腔作势，有些人则正直清白，他们被皇帝的信所撤职，被赶出他们的城市，并指定那些不敬虔的人来接替他们，占领各个教会。
6. Case of Marcellus
MARCELLUS的案例
Of Marcellus , the Bishop of Galatia, it is perhaps superfluous for me to speak; for all men have heard how Eusebius and his fellows, who had been first accused by him of impiety, brought a counter-accusation against him, and caused the old man to be banished. He went up to Rome, and there made his defense, and being required by them, he offered a written declaration of his faith, of which the Council of Sardica approved. But Eusebius and his fellows made no defense, nor, when they were convicted of impiety out of their writings, were they put to shame, but rather assumed greater boldness against all. For they had an introduction to the Emperor from the women , and were formidable to all men.
关于加拉太的主教Marcellus，我就不必赘言了；因为百姓们都已经从Eusebius和他的跟随者听到关于他的事迹，Eusebius先被指控为不敬虔，接着反控Marcellus不敬虔，使得这位老人被放逐。他来到罗马，应他们的要求为自己辩护，他提供了一份信仰宣言的文本，为Sardica大会所认可。然而Eusebius和他的同党却无法在因自己著作被断定为不敬虔的时候，为自己辩护，他们羞惭满面，不敢对抗其他的人。然而他们藉由一位女人上诉于皇帝，使得众人畏惧他们。
7. Martyrdom of Paul of Constantinople
康士坦丁堡的保罗的殉道
And I suppose no one is ignorant of the case of Paul , Bishop of Constantinople; for the more illustrious any city is, so much the more that which takes place in it is not concealed. A charge was fabricated against him also. For Macedonius his accuser, who has now become Bishop in his stead (I was present myself at the accusation), afterwards held communion with him, and was a Presbyter under Paul himself. And yet when Eusebius with an evil eye wished to seize upon the Bishopric of that city (he had been translated in the same manner from Berytus to Nicomedia), the charge was revived against Paul; and they did not give up their plot, but persisted in the calumny. And he was banished first into Pontus by Constantine, and a second time by Constantius he was sent bound with iron chains to Singara in Mesopotamia, and from thence transferred to Emesa, and a fourth time he was banished to Cucusus in Cappadocia, near the deserts of Mount Taurus; where, as those who were with him have declared, he died by strangulation at their hands. And yet these men who never speak the truth, though guilty of this, were not ashamed after his death to invent another story, representing that he had died from illness; although all who live in that place know the circumstances. And even Philagrius , who was then Deputy-Governor of those parts, and represented all their proceedings in such manner as they desired, was yet astonished at this; and being grieved perhaps that another, and not himself, had done the evil deed, he informed Serapion the Bishop, as well as many other of our friends, that Paul was shut up by them in a very confined and dark place, and left to perish of hunger; and when after six days they went in and found him still alive, they immediately set upon the man, and strangled him. This was the end of his life; and they said that Philip who was Prefect was their agent in the perpetration of this murder. Divine Justice, however, did not overlook this; for not a year passed, when Philip was deprived of his office in great disgrace, so that being reduced to a private station, he became the mockery of those whom he least desired to be the witnesses of his fall. For in extreme distress of mind, groaning and trembling like Cain , and expecting every day that some one would destroy him, far from his country and his friends, he died, like one astounded at his misfortunes, in a manner that he least desired. Moreover these men spare not even after death those against whom they have invented charges while living. They are so eager to show themselves formidable to all, that they banish the living, and show no mercy on the dead; but alone of all the world they manifest their hatred to them that are departed, and conspire against their friends, truly inhuman as they are, and haters of that which is good, savage in temper beyond mere enemies, in behalf of their impiety, who eagerly plot the ruin of me and of all the rest, with no regard to truth, but by false charges.
我认为没有人会不知道保罗的故事，他是康士坦丁堡的主教；康士坦丁堡比别的城市都更为辉煌，这使得在那里发生的事情无法被隐瞒。他被诬告了。Marcedunius是诬告他的人，如今取代了他成为主教（诬告的时候我就在场），他随后仍保留与保罗的交通，继续在他手下做主教。然而当Eusibius用他邪恶贪婪的眼神盯着该城市的主教职位（他也是以同样的方式从Berytus转驻到Nicomedia），对保罗的诬告又重新被提及；他们从未放弃他们的图谋，继续毁谤污蔑。保罗先被康士坦丁放逐到Pontus，康士坦丢接着用铁链捆着他，把他绑到美索不达米亚的Singara，然后又把他放逐到Emesa，第四次又被放逐到加帕多家的Cucusus，邻近Taurus山的沙漠之处；在该处与他同在的人宣称，他乃是被他们的手活活绞死的。然而这些人从不说实话，即便犯下了这样的罪，他们仍然毫无羞耻的在他死后杜撰别的故事，说保罗是死于疾病；即便住在该处的人都知道发生了什么事。甚至连Philagrius，该地区的行政长官，他们在该地区劣行的代表人，对此事都觉得惊讶不已；也为这样邪恶的行为感到悲伤，（也有可能不是他本人，）而通知Serapion主教，以及许多我们的朋友，保罗被禁闭在一个黑暗的所在，要活活的把他饿死；六天后，当他们发现保罗仍然活着的时候，他们立刻把他立起来，绞死了他。保罗就是这样结束了他的生命；他们还说治安长官菲利浦是他们的同谋。审判的神并没有忽视这件事；一年不到，当菲利浦羞辱的被剥夺他的职位，而被软禁的时候，他开始嘲笑那些他认为像要看着他失败的人。因为受不了这样的刺激，他就像该隐一样的哀嚎，发抖，每天都期盼有人能够来毁灭他。他远离他的家乡和他的朋友，以他最不期望的方式死亡。除此以外，这些人在那些他们诬告的人死后，都没有逃过审判。他们尽全力向众人显明他们是何等的可畏，可以放逐任何人，身指对死人也是毫无怜悯；他们向着全世界表明对那些被放逐者的仇恨，谋害他们的朋友，他们真不是人，心中仇恨良善的人，他们的脾气比敌人更为暴躁野蛮，带者不敬虔的行为，他们图谋毁灭我和其他的人，他们不尊重真理，只会诬告人。
8. Restoration of the Catholics
重建大公教会
Perceiving this to be the case, the three brothers, Constantine, Constantius, and Constans, caused all after the death of their father to return to their own country and Church; and while they wrote letters concerning the rest to their respective Churches, concerning Athanasius they wrote the following; which likewise shows the violence of the whole proceedings, and proves the murderous disposition of Eusebius and his fellows.
A copy of the Letter of Constantine Cæsar to the people of the Catholic Church in the city of the Alexandrians.
I suppose that it has not escaped the knowledge of your pious minds , etc.
This is his letter; and what more credible witness of their conspiracy could there be than he, who knowing these circumstances has thus written of them?
再看看这三个兄弟，康士坦丁，康士坦丢和康士坦，在他们父亲死后回到自己的国家和教会；当他们写信给他们各自的教会，论及亚他那修的时候，他们是这样写的；他们都显出暴力的倾向，证明Eusibius和他的同党所共有的，谋杀者的性情。
康士坦丁西泽致亚历山大大公教会的百姓之信
我向信你们敬虔的心思不会漏掉那件事情，等等。。
这就是他写的信；有什么能比知道这件事情，又因此写信给他们的人更能见证他们的阴谋诡计？
9. First Arian Persecution under Constantius
在康士坦丢治下的亚流派第一次逼迫
9. Eusebius and his fellows, however, seeing the declension of their heresy, wrote to Rome, as well as to the Emperors Constantine and Constans, to accuse Athanasius: but when the persons who were sent by Athanasius disproved the statements which they had written, they were put to shame by the Emperors; and Julius, Bishop of Rome, wrote to say that a Council ought to be held, wherever we should desire, in order that they might exhibit the charges which they had to make, and might also freely defend themselves concerning those things of which they too were accused. The Presbyters also who were sent by them, when they saw themselves making an exposure, requested that this might be done. Whereupon these men, whose conduct is suspicious in all that they do, when they see that they are not likely to get the better in an Ecclesiastical trial, betake themselves to Constantius alone, and thenceforth bewail themselves, as to the patron of their heresy. ‘Spare,’ they say, ‘the heresy; you see that all men have withdrawn from us; and very few of us are now left. Begin to persecute, for we are being deserted even of those few, and are left destitute. Those persons whom we forced over to our side, when these men were banished, they now by their return have persuaded again to take part against us. Write letters therefore against them all, and send out Philagrius a second time as Prefect of Egypt, for he is able to carry on a persecution favourably for us, as he has already shown upon trial, and the more so, as he is an apostate. Send also Gregory as Bishop to Alexandria, for he too is able to strengthen our heresy.’
不论如何，Eusibius和他的同党看见他们的异端在衰退的时候，就写信给罗马，和康士坦丁与康士坦，谴责亚他那修：然而当亚他那修所差遣的人否定了他们所写的宣告的时候，他们被皇帝们羞辱；罗马的主教Julius写信说应该组织一个大会，我们可以决定在任何地方，好让他们能够公开的展示他们的定罪，并能够自由的为自己辩解那些他们被指控的事项。当他们所差派来的长老发现自己被揭发了，就要求这样做。于是当这些行为乖张的人看见他们在教会的公审中将占不到什么便宜的时候，就偷偷的跑去找康士坦丢，他们从那个时候开始忧伤，就好像他们异端的守护神一样。他们说，‘饶了异端（亚流派反过来污蔑正统派为异端──译者）’；你们可以看见，众人都离开了我们；我们现在只有不多的人了。即便人数不多，我们被逼迫，仍被背弃，穷困贫乏。那些在被驱逐的时候，强迫转到我们这边来的人，如今转过来参与逼迫我们。所以我们要再次写反对他们的信，寄送给埃及的安全长官Philagrius，因为他可以执行有利于我们的逼迫，他在公审上已经表明了这众倾向，除此以外，他还是一个叛教者。也要写信给亚历山大的主教乔治，因为他也能够帮助我们的异端。
10. Violent Intrusion of Gregory
乔治用暴力介入
Accordingly Constantius at once writes letters, and commences a persecution against all, and sends Philagrius as Prefect with one Arsacius an eunuch; he sends also Gregory with a military force. And the same consequences followed as before. For gathering together a multitude of herdsmen and shepherds, and other dissolute youths belonging to the town, armed with swords and clubs, they attacked in a body the Church which is called the Church of Quirinus ; and some they slew, some they trampled under foot, others they beat with stripes and cast into prison or banished. They haled away many women also, and dragged them openly into the court, and insulted them, dragging them by the hair. Some they proscribed; from some they took away their bread for no other reason, but that they might be induced to join the Arians, and receive Gregory, who had been sent by the Emperor.
康士坦丢立刻因此写了信，发动各种的逼迫，让太监Arsacius带给安全长官Philagrius；他也派了一个部队给乔治。接下来发生的事还是旧事重演。他们聚集了大量的刽子手和牧羊人，和乡下来的浪荡青年，用剑和棒子武装他们，他们攻击了被称为Quirinus的礼拜堂，基督的身体；他们杀了人，用脚践踏人，用鞭子抽人，把人下到监狱里面，甚至放逐人。他们也拉扯女人，把她们公然拉到法庭中，羞辱她们，抓着她们的头发拖来拖去。他们有些人软化了；他们的食物被毫无理由的夺走，好逼着他们加入亚流派，并接那皇帝所派来的乔治。